Opposite poles are attracted to each other, while the same poles repel each other. The magnetic field is the area around a magnet that has magnetic force.Īll magnets have north and south poles. To become magnetized, another strongly magnetic substance must enter the magnetic field of an existing magnet. This makes the atoms in these substances strongly magnetic-but they are not yet magnets. In substances such as iron, cobalt, and nickel, most of the electrons spin in the same direction. That is why materials such as cloth or paper are said to be weakly magnetic. In most substances, equal numbers of electrons spin in opposite directions, which cancels out their magnetism. Their movement generates an electric current and causes each electron to act like a microscopic magnet. Spinning like tops, the electrons circle the nucleus, or core, of an atom. Each atom has electrons, particles that carry electric charges. Magnetism is caused by the motion of electric charges.Įvery substance is made up of tiny units called atoms. Magnetism is the force exerted by magnets when they attract or repel each other.
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